Book Review “Thinking, Fast and Slow” Essay

I read the international bestseller â€Å"Thinking, Fast and Slow† of Daniel Kahneman (Winner of the Nobel Prize) over the last 3-4 weeks. I think it is a very interesting book and it is describing very critically the human brain and mind, which gave me many insights into decision-making and errors we are doing automatically without noticing it every day. He is very often talking about â€Å"System 1† and â€Å"System 2†. System 1 is fast; it’s intuitive, associative, metaphorical, automatic, impressionistic, and it can’t be switched off. Its operations involve no sense of intentional control, but it’s the â€Å"secret author of many of the choices and judgments you make† and it’s the hero of Daniel Kahneman’s book Thinking, Fast and Slow. System 2 is slow, deliberate, effortful. Its operations require attention. System 2 takes over, rather unwillingly, when things get difficult. It’s â€Å"the conscious being you call ‘I'†, and one of Kahneman’s main points is that this is a mistake. You’re wrong to identify with System 2, for you are also and equally and profoundly System 1. Kahneman compares System 2 to a supporting character who believes herself to be the lead actor and often has little idea of what’s going on. System 2 is slothful, and tires easily – so it usually accepts what System 1 tells it. It’s often right to do so, because System 1 is for the most part pretty good at what it does; it’s highly sensitive to subtle environmental cues, signs of danger, and so on. It does, however, pay a high price for speed. It loves to simplify, to assume WYSIATI (â€Å"what you see is all there is†), even as it gossips and embroiders and confabulates. It’s hopelessly bad at the kind of statistical thinking often required for good decisions, it jumps wildly to conclusions and it’s subject to a fantastic suite of irrational biases and interference effects (the halo effect, the â€Å"Florida effect†, framing effects, anchoring effects, the confirmation bias, outcome bias, hindsight bias, availability bias, the focusing illusion, and so on). Thousands of experiments have been conducted, right across the broad board of human life, all to the same general effect. We don’t know who we are or what we’re like, we don’t know what we’re really doing and we don’t know why we’re doing it. That’s a System 1 exaggeration, for sure, but there’s more truth in it than you can easily imagine. Judges think they make considered decisions about parole based strictly on the facts of the case. It turns out (to simplify only slightly) that it is their blood-sugar levels really sitting in judgment. We also hugely underestimate the role of chance in life (this is again System 1’s work). Analysis of the performance of fund managers over the longer term proves conclusively that you’d do just as well if you entrusted your financial decisions to a monkey throwing darts at a board. There is a tremendously powerful illusion that sustains managers in their belief their results, when good, are the result of skill; Kahneman explains how the illusion works. The fact remains that â€Å"performance bonuses† are awarded for luck, not skill. They might as well be handed out on the roll of a die: they’re completely unjustified. This may be why some banks now speak of â€Å"retention bonuses† rather than performance bonuses, but the idea that retention bonuses are needed depends on the shared myth of skill, and since the myth is known to be a myth, the system is profoundly dishonest – unless the dart-throwing monkeys are going to be cut in. In an experi ment designed to test the â€Å"anchoring effect†, highly experienced judges were given a description of a shoplifting offence. They were then â€Å"anchored† to different numbers by being asked to roll a pair of dice that had been secretly loaded to produce only two totals – three or nine. Finally, they were asked whether the prison sentence for the shoplifting offence should be greater or fewer, in months, than the total showing on the dice. Normally the judges would have made extremely similar judgments, but those who had just rolled nine proposed an average of eight months while those who had rolled three proposed an average of only five months. All were unaware of the anchoring effect. The same goes for all of us, almost all the time. We think we’re smart; we’re confident we won’t be unconsciously swayed by the high list price of a house. We’re wrong. (Kahneman admits his own inability to counter some of these effects.) We’re also hopelessly subject to the â€Å"focusing illusion†, which can be conveyed in one sentence: â€Å"Nothing in life is as important as you think it is when you’re thinking about it.† Whatever we focus on, it bulges in the heat of our attention until we assume its role in our life as a whole is greater than it is. Daniel Kahneman won a Nobel prize for economics in 2002 and much of his time he’s working together with Amos Tversky. Thinking, Fast and Slow has its roots in their joint work. It is an outstanding book, distinguished by beauty and clarity of detail, precision of presentation and gentleness of manner.

Quality Oversight in Health Care Organizations Essay

Quality Oversight in Health Care Organizations . Quality of care and patient safety has become a driving force in the delivery of health care in the twenty-first century. Your paper should address the following: 1. Explain the role of quality oversight in health care organizations and elaborate on how non-clinical personnel contribute to the process. 2. Identify and describe three stakeholder organizations or agencies that contribute to quality oversight within health care organizations in a substantial way. Include at least one government and one non-government organization/agency that focuses on quality of care within the health care field. 3. Answer the following questions for each organization/agency: a. How does this organization/agency contribute to quality of care and patient safety? b. What specific types of oversight does this organization/agency provide? c. What are some of the repercussions that a health care organization could face for violating the standards of the organization/agency? 4. Compare and contrast the three organizations/agencies. 5. Who are some of the other stakeholders involved in promoting quality of care in health care and what role do they play? 6. Given the vast amount of mandatory regulations imposed upon the health care industry, explain why a health care organization might subject itself to participate in voluntary accreditation activities. Don’t use artificial stimulants so you can stay up and study longer. Caffeine and other stimulants can wreak havoc with your sleep schedule and your health. Since sleep time is just as important. Don’t use artificial stimulants so you can stay up and study longer. Caffeine and other stimulants can wreak havoc with your sleep schedule and your health. Since sleep time is just as important as study time, you need to be able to rest when you can. Finding the right balance between studying and sleeping is a better strategy for acing tests.

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Human Resource Management - Essay Example This essay discusses that human resource management is significant to the organization in that it encourages people to perform very difficult and challenging duties. It is important to note that, every organization faces challenges. Experts are required to perform various tasks. However, a consideration into the future of the organization calls for it to train and develop various skills for any eventualities. It is worth noting that human resource management offers apprenticeship to the new employees. It is for this reason that, every organization recruits new brains. These resources however well learned, require to be trained to be acquainted with the organization’s policies and goals. Human resource management increases the rate of performance of the organization. Organizations warrant recognition for their performance and competence. This strives to increase the magnitude of the organization’s profitability An organization needs to set its goals and objectives to hel p it focus on their results. Training, education, and development of human resource spearhead an organization to meet these objectives. Development in an organization can be prompted by several reasons. It can be because of an organization desiring quality performance from its workers. Secondly, it can be a requirement by the government, trade, or labor unions or because of an observable need by the people in charge such as the supervisors with regard to the workers. It is done through various means including allowing the apprentice to examine carefully what others do, training from predecessors or experts, one on one interaction with the apprentice, guidance, provision of forms to fill in the difficulties experienced during the day and follow up of secondary written or audio tapes or through assignments. All these are geared towards obtaining strong employees to meet the needs of the organization and its clients. Every organization should engage in this area of human resource manag ement to achieve the desired results. For instance, the desire to retain the top position in education, made Berkeley Campus realize that they needed to train their employees. This would help them cope with the changes in this field and their desires for sustainability in the years to come. Development strategies The management at Berkeley campus realized that growth of the employees required concerted efforts of all stakeholders. This strategy ensures that every effort and activity within the institution supports workers growth. It looks into what the students and their parents can do to contribute to this matter. It also emphasizes the need to cooperate with the workers to ensure that what they learn is compatible to the job they do. The workers are also encouraged to follow the write ups that encourage employee development. These can be done through formal means such as production of weekly briefs, purchase of booklets dealing with the topic in question and also coming up with a library and equipping it with the necessary materials. Moreover, it focuses on the desire of the employees to grow. This can be induced or as a result drive. Berkeley campus needed to compete effectively in the education sector. They therefore came up with trainings to be undertaken. They include: i. Improvement in managerial skills ii. Job growth iii. Acquisition of elementary abilities iv. Technical knowhow v. Academic knowledge It is evident that employee training improves the output of the organization and those of the employees themselves. Improvement in managerial skills This skill involves equipping people in order for them to lead others. Not all employees in an organization perform menial jobs. Berkeley campus for instance, realized that there were

Using financial ratios to analyse companies Essay

Using financial ratios to analyse companies - Essay Example The gross profit margin of Tesco has declined by almost 4% as shown in Table 2: Gross profit margin. The ratio shows that the costs of goods of the company have increased and it is unfavourable for the company if the same trend is followed because it will further reduce the profits of the company. Therefore the management needs to make sure that gross profit ratio is increased. The net profit margin of Tesco in the year 2012 is 4.36% however it was previously 4.42% thus it is showing a decline of 1.31%. Net profit margin of the company can be seen in Table 3: Net profit margin. Decline in the net profit is unfavourable for the Tesco as it is showing that the costs and expenses of the company have increased from last year. By further analyzing the financial statements, it can be found that the total revenue as well as net profit of Tesco has increased as identified in Table 1: Key Elements from Financial Statement, but by carefully analyzing the profit margin ratio it can be seen that the costs and expenses have increased at a higher rate than last year which has reduced the profit margin ratio. ROE of Tesco has decline by 1.6% as calculated in Table 4: ROE and it is unfavourable for Tesco as the profits of Tesco has been declining and thus it has also influenced the ROE of the company as well. The equity as well as profits have increased as indicated in Table 1: Key Elements from Financial Statement but the rate of increase in profits is less than the increase in equity thus it has resulted in declining the ROE. ROA of Tesco has shown a decline by 2% as revealed in Table 5: ROA and this is unfavourable for the company as the profits have not increased at the same rate in comparison to the increase in assets as identified in Table 1: Key Elements from Financial Statement. Thus it has resulted in declining of the ROA ratio of the company. Table 6: Operating Profit Margin reveals that Operating profit of Tesco has declined by

Ethical Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethical Issue - Essay Example The meaning of ethical issues is dealing with or regarding the principles or morals of morality (MacNair, 2003). Ethical issues are concerning the rights and wrongs in conduct, expressing or involving moral approval, in reference to principles of conduct, which are regarded correct, particularly those of a given group or profession for instance nursing. Basic values of saving life, as well as alleviating suffering, is shared by a member of the nursing and medical professions (Bandman, 2002). Codes of honesty, confidentiality and colleagueship, are also anticipated in these groups. Nevertheless, the spirit of obedience and servitude, questioned by Mitchell (2008), but influenced by a majority of nurses, has led to numerous differences in the manner in which dilemmas are tackled and the context in which doctors and nurses regard their professional ethics. This paper will give a comprehensive overview of an ethical issue and its relationship to the ethical and legal aspects of nursing o r other health care professions. It will include an exploration of the pro and con sides of the ethical issue and take a stand on the issue and also critically evaluate the current impact of the ethical issue. ... A majority of the stands nurses presume in this dilemma are persuaded by their own values and beliefs (Bandman, 2002). The consequences, at times, are harsh to both the nurse and the patient. Therefore, how does a nurse provide her services to a patient who has gone through an abortion, when the nurse regards abortion as murder? Should the nurse, with very different values, support the patient’s right to decide her autonomy? Pro Side of the Issue The most frequent reasons why women consider abortion are: Unable to care or support for the child. Birth control failure. Nearly half of all women who have gone through an abortion made use of a contraceptive technique in the month they got pregnant (MacNair, 2003). To stop the birth of a child with harsh medical problems or birth defects. Such defects are frequently unidentified until routine second-trimester assessments are carried out. To terminate an unwanted pregnancy. Mental or physical conditions, which jeopardize the pregnant woman’s health when the pregnancy is continued. Pregnancy resulting from incest or rape. All these are strong reasons why abortion is considered (Bandman, 2002). I also think that a pregnant woman ought to have access to a harmless, legal abortion if she requires one. I endorse a pregnant woman's right to harmless, legal abortion since centuries of history tells us that women are going to make the final decision regarding abortions whether they are legal and safe, or not. Furthermore, when the act is not safe and legal, these women might die terribly or be damaged permanently meaning that they might become barren (MacNair, 2003). Therefore, the pro side of this issue is that it saves women the possibility of going through an unsafe and illegal abortion. In my dream utopia, there would

Market Segmentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Market Segmentation - Essay Example Lastly, the company seeks for a unique marketing segment that is not being practised by their competitors. This plays a big role in enabling companies to achieve a high market share, thus generating a comfort factor since the buyers will see it as a market leader. Through this, most business entities are able to better their competitive positions and satisfy their customer needs (Burrows, 2010). For an adequate marketing strategy to take place, a manager has to determine and identify the boundaries within the market and with the help of a business plan, develop a clear definition of a business to be in operation. Then, the manager should get enough knowledge and all the relevant information about the goods and services provided by the competitors in relation to the basic requirements of the customers in the market. The company, therefore, would determine the methodology and variables to use in dividing its market into subsets. Research tools are introduced in the process of collectin g and analysing data with the purposes of identifying a homogenous segment which, at the same time, is heterogeneous to the other segments. Basing on the consumers’ behaviour, a company selects the variables that will assist it in creating a detailed profile of each distinct segment (Burrows, 2010). Then the marketing manager looks for the potential customer with needs and wants that require being satisfied in respect to the business they had identified in the previous steps. Finally a product and market plan is developed to make an appeal to a specific market segment. All these combined together will attract a customer to purchase a particular product that will satisfy his or her needs and wants. Market segmentation is considered as a decision making tool for most of the marketing managers in the selection of a target market for their goods and services. Product differentiation techniques have frustrated companies’ expectations since they were purposed to provide a va riety of products rather than offering different segments, therefore leading most of the companies to embrace the segmentation. Marketing managers use segmentation in defining the market, i.e. they are able to perceive their market from a consumer’s point of view rather than a manufacturer’s. Managers gain the knowledge and ability to rationalise policies for available commodities so that they can outshine their competitors by protecting their products from any competitive practice and also work towards achieving a high market share. They harmonise the different segments in a company by catering for the segments that are perceived to be more important, and minimising the competition between the goods and services within a company. This simply means that managers rely on the segmentation process to position ranges of their existing products (Croft, 1994). Since not all existing products can satisfy the needs of each segment, the managers identify the gaps and take an in itiative of launching a brand new or an already available commodity to solve the shortcoming. Companies with small distribution channels use segmentation to sell their goods and services in specific parts of a country. A marketing manager uses the GNP per capita and different behaviours of the customers in the area of concern to determine the marketing strategy to be used in meeting their needs. Demographic variable in market segmentation explains

Strategic Management.Changes In The Remote Environment Of U.S Assignment

Strategic Management.Changes In The Remote Environment Of U.S - Assignment Example Further, the essay illustrates a competitor profile for the American university versus the Stanford university and lastly, this essay elaborates on the outlines of the success of the Google firm and the industry analysis model to name but a few. 1.) Briefly describe two important recent changes in the remote environment of U.S. business in each of the following areas: a.) Economic b.) Social c.) Political d.) Technological e.) Ecological Having put that across, it is worth to note the pertinent changes that the U.S business has undergone so far. U.S’s remote environment on business has undergone through several changes if viewed under the following factors, economic, social, technological, ecological, and political. First is pertinent to understand that, the economic nature of a business involves the direction and nature of the economy in a given firm. Therefore, two factors that affect the remote economical changes of the business are first, the consumption patterns, where it is vital for each firm to consider the trends of its economy affecting the industry. Second, managers should consider general inflation rates, credit accessibility and the growth of the gross national product. Secondly, on social issues it can be noted that recently women have proved to be the majority entry in the labor markets. However, the above has not only affected the compensations, hiring, and employee’ resource capability but also it has created the expanded product demand. In addition, the second pertinent social alteration is the customer accelerating interest as well as quality life employees. Workers tend to demand salary increase, and other advanced opportunity, which is incorporated in the social status. On political side, it is pertinent to acknowledge the fact that stability as well as direction of politics are core factors that facilitate the evaluation of the remote environment. Example of the two factors is the government acts in supporting the competitorà ¢â‚¬â„¢s advantages and some actions of government. The above, can affect the firm’s remote environment, such actions are the customer, and supplier functions. On other hand, the technological issue also affects the remote environment of the business in U.S. Here, technological factor is essential in promoting the innovation and in avoiding the obsolescence; therefore it is vital for the firm to be aware of the industrial influence on the technology. Technological change may affect the new markets that are sophisticated and it can as well shorten the firm life in anticipation. Another factor is the ecological niche, here the experts discusses that the core factor in the environmental remote is relationships between ecology and business in a reciprocated manner. A major cause of concern here is the human activity in an industrial society, which is a threat to the support of life. It is disturbing to realize that global climate has been a huge change in the remote of business r ealm. Another pertinent area is the loss of biodiversity and habitat. According to the experts, it is pertinent to acknowledge the fact that change of fauna and flora is at high speed and this can lead to its extinction. 3.) Develop a competitor profile for American Public University System and Stanford University. Next, prepare a brief strategic plan to improve the competitive position of the weaker of the two colleges. A worth noting fact is that in any given firm, competitors play a great part in either ensuring the development of the business environment or brings a business to a halt. For instance, the American university and the Stanford University have their own competitors staged in a well-set profile. However, the

Sports Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sports Management - Essay Example This paper tells that countries have made teams of popular sports and each has their own representative in each respective sport. It has become a multimillion-dollar industry, to say the least (Aaron Smith and Bob Stewart, 1999). Sports like football and formula one are followed more regularly and enjoyed more by people that their religious festivals. Obviously, this means that things have become much more complex. Who will manage the team for instance Who will select the team in the first place from the thousands of talented individuals who have turned to give trials All this calls for some form of organization and proper management of sports. This is where sports management comes in. It is basically there too, well, manage sports. More specifically, this looks at sports from a more business point of view. How can you cash in on sports How to promote certain kinds of sports in the best way possible and which sports to stop chasing because they are just not worth spending a fortune o n? Entering into this field has many options to choose from. You can become a sports agent, who will basically provide you and your team opportunities to come on the stage and prove your worth. From there on then the whole thing will be your own talent. You can go on to become a sports manager, who in a nutshell will manage your team making sure that no member harms the team in any way such as getting caught in match-fixing and so on. If you are good with words then you can become a publicist where you can publicize the team and make it sound better than they really are, in many cases.

Case Study-Based Assignment Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

-Based Assignment - Case Study Example On general physical examination, Bukowskii had increased respiratory rate (22 breaths per minute), deep and laboured breathing and saturations of 89 percent on oxygen of 6L per minute. Respiratory system examination revealed intercostal muscle recession on inspection and diminished air entry to both bases and crepitations in the right base on auscultation. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed PaO2 less than 60mmHg (58mmHg) and PaCO2 more than 50 mmHg (54mmHg) with pH of 7.3. These are the four pieces of evidence pointing towards acute respiratory failure. Respiratory failure may be acute or chronic. In case of Bukowski, the respiratory failure is acute and this is indicated by the drastic change in the acid-base status (pH= 7.3). The cause of respiratory failure in him is the right lower lobe collapse-consolidation secondary to pneumonia. Lower respiratory tract infection is known as pneumonia. The pathology lies in the parenchyma of the lungs which consist of alveolar sacs. There are several causes to pneumonia, the most common of which is bacterial (Stephen, 2009). Bacterial pneumonia can be community acquired or hospital acquired. In case of Bukowski, the pneumonia is hospital acquired. The most common respiratory failure is acute hypoxemic respiratory failure or type-1 which is seen in pneumonia. In acute respiratory failure, the pH is less than 7.3 (Nettina, 2009) as in Bukowski. Decreased oxygen saturation: Acute respiratory failure occurs when the body is unable to maintain gas exchage at a rate on par with the demands of the body like in paneumonia. The damage to lung parenchyma in pneumonia results in release of inflammatory mediators and fluids because of which intrapulmonary shunting, ventilation-perfusion mismatching, hypoventilation and diffusion defects occur (Stephen, 2009). All these eventually lead to hypoxemia which is evident in the blood gas analysis of Bukowski (Ranjit, 2001). In ventilation-perfusion mismatch, areas which have lower ventilation as against perfusion contribute to hypoxemia. Intrapulmonary shunt causes deoxygenated blood to bypass ventilation in the alveoli resulting in venous admixture of blood (Roussos and Koutsoukou, 2003). Both these mechanisms cause a widening in the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference. The normal difference is less than 15mmHg and when the difference exceeds this value, respiratory failure ensues (Kaynar and Sharma, 2009). The hypoxemia causes increased work of breathing resulting in respiratory fatigue. Respiratory fatigue and reduced alveolar ventilation in turn cause hypercarbia (Roussos and Koutsoukou, 2003).Thus, Bukowski developed hospital-aquired pneumonia because of which adequate gas exchange commensurate with the needs of the body was not met, resulting in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Elevated respiratory rate and work of breathing: Increased respiratory rate and accessory muscle usage are indicators of increased work of breathing (Stephen, 2009), secondary to decreased oxygen in the blood. Respiratory acidosis: The hypoxemia causes increased work of breathing resulting in respiratory fatigue. Respiratory fatigue and reduced alveolar ventilation inturn causes hypercarbia (Roussos and Koutsoukou, 2003). Auscultation: Pneumonia occurs secondary to immune and inflammatory response secondary to bacteria. Due to this, fluid and pus accumulate in the airspaces. This is h eard as crepitations on auscultation.

Human Figures in Landscapes Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Figures in Landscapes - Article Example These three paintings are placed on the timeline between the 1950s to almost the present time. The immediate years post-war witnessed a heightened level of cultural nationalism during which aboriginal cultures gained considerable weight (Foss, Paikowsky& Whitelaw, 2010, 357).The selected paintings also show a chronological growth from the 1950s to the present time in painting a theme like this. The paintings extend from 1956 to 2007 and that is a time in which a lot of things changed and many new techniques and schools emerged. But in my paper, I do not want to link these paintings to any such type of restrictions along the lines of schools of arts or any specific technique. I am going to compare them with each other only on the basis of the theme that I selected for the paper and that is Human figures in landscapes. So I will just compare them according to how well the theme is presented in all three of them.The first painting that I chose is isSun Dance Scene, Blood Reserve by Gera ld Tailfeathers. Tailfeathers was a Native Canadian artist and so he was close to heart with the Native aboriginal culture and their traditions. Being one of the very few Native Canadians who painted, he fulfilled his duty to the great colorful lost culture by painting their traditions. It is painted on paper using watercolors and watercolor is a wise medium for this painting because it gives the painting a tinge of easy simplicity and vividness. The painting shows a scene from the Native culture of Blood Reserve.

Literary Theme Essay Essay Example for Free

Literary Theme Essay Essay The Privilege of Freedom â€Å"Only the educated are free.† Said by Epicetus, this simple quote demonstrates the importance of education. A solid education will provide for an excellent future and give one freedom: freedom to take on a career, to jump at opportunities, and to make choices. There is no saying where the future might take an educated man. Dangarembga uses highly educated and successful characters to illustrate the privilege of education and the power, control, and freedom that it provides. Dangarembga shows that education can change a life for the better by presenting the main character, Tambu, with the privilege of attending an outstanding school. When Tambu is given the opportunity to live with her uncle and go to the mission school, she is thrilled to become educated. Before her brother died, â€Å"the needs and sensibilities of the women in† her â€Å"family were not considered a priority,† and school was not an option for her (Dangarembga 12). Education has provided Tambu with the privilege to escape her old life on the homestead and â€Å"take another step upwards in the direction of† her â€Å"freedom† (Dangarembga 186). Also, education has given Tambu the power to use her education to control the rest of her life. â€Å"By the time she has finished Form Four,† she â€Å"will be able to take† her â€Å"course, whatever it is that† she chooses (Dangarembga 183). â€Å"In time,† she â€Å"will be earning money,† which will then lead to a career and onto the rest of her life (Dangarembga 183). The wealth that Tambu will earn when she is successful will provide for her and her entire family. Education builds the foundation of Tambu’s future, and â€Å"the prospect of this freedom† is unlimited (Dangarembga 186). The character, Babamakuru, is used by Dangarmebga to demonstrate that one educated relative effects an entire family. Education is â€Å"not just an individual blessing† but one that extends to all members of a â€Å"less fortunate family† (Dangarembga 89). For example, Dangarembga shows that one educated man can support the whole family. Babamakuru, â€Å"who had obtained a Bachelor’s Degree in South Africa,† is extremely generous and provides resources and opportunities for his entire family (Dangarembga 13). Whenever Babamakuru goes to visit the homestead, he comes bearing food, gifts, and supplies for the family to thrive off of. Also, Babamakuru is responsible for Tambu’s education and her coming to the mission school. To Tambu’s family, â€Å"Babamakuru was God†, â€Å"big brother to all†, and â€Å"his divinity† filled them â€Å"with awe† (Dangarembga 70, 36, 88). â€Å"As an early educated African,† Babamakuru has â€Å"found himself in positions that enable him to organize his immediate world and its contents as he wished† (Dangarembga 88). His great power has insulated him â€Å"from the necessity of considering alternatives unless they were his own† (Dangarembga 88). Education has given him opportunities that have led to great power and control over others; nobody â€Å"dares to challenge his authority† ((Dangarembga 117). Without a well-educated, successful man like Babamakuru, Tambu’s family would not be as the same. Throughout Nervous Conditions ¸ Dangarembga exemplifies the key role that education plays in becoming wealthy and successful. The basis of a good future begins with education. Such a privilege can lead to so many new things, and when one is educated, the possibilities are endless. Works Cited Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. New York: Seal, 1989.

Converting Paper Records to a Computer Based Health Record Essay Example for Free

Converting Paper Records to a Computer Based Health Record Essay Traditional utilization of paper based medical records leads to the dispersion of clinical information as a result of the heterogeneous character of hospital systems. Due to this, the development of a clinical information system that can integrate hospital information as well as enable cooperation amongst legacy systems became a difficult task. System integration as well as the development of an efficient clinical information management system was thereby dependent upon the creation of conceptual and architectural tools that will enable such an integration. In line with this, many healthcare institutions are currently seeking to establish the integration of their workstations through the utilization of technological tools. Such tools are effective in the arrangement of clinical matters as well as in the arrangement of administrative and financial information. Clinical information systems are utilized by healthcare institutions in their integration of information. At this point, the utilization of electronic medical systems in healthcare delivery is evident in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, Hong Kong, Canada, as well as Australia. The current shift from a human memory based paradigm to a technological paradigm can be traced to the recent emphasis given on health care quality improvement and cost reduction. In lieu of this, policymakers started to adopt health information technology such as the Electronic Medical Record (EMR). According to Tim Scott in Implementing an Electronic Medical Record System, most information regarding the use of EMR systems are derived from the Regenstrief Institute, Brigham and Womens Hospital, the Department of Veterans Affairs, LDS Hospital, and Kaiser Permanente. The information derived from the following medical institutions shows the following. First, success is dependent upon the organizational tools rather than on the type of technology used. Second, minimal changes were noted in terms of increase of quality and efficiency as a result of the system’s adaptation. Such findings thereby led to the slow adoption and implementation of EMR systems since majority of medical institutions as well as healthcare systems required the high verifiability of the systems utility. True enough, researches within these institutions also showed that EMR systems increase the quality of patient care as it decreases medical errors, however, the economic aspect regarding its use has not been well documented leaving most medical institutions adamant regarding its implementation. In lieu of this, the paper is divided into three parts. The first part will present the rationale behind the formation of the technology based medical paradigm. It will be formulated within the parameters of Thomas Kuhn’s conception of scientific revolutions. The second part present a discussion of the various EMR components and the problems encountered in its implementation at Kaiser. The last part, on the other hand, will concentrate on presenting possible solutions to the problems evident in the utilization of the EMR systems within the Kaiser program while giving specific emphasis on the role of the agent in successful implementation. Thomas Kuhn, in his work entitled The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, discusses the very nature and necessity of what he calls scientific revolutions. In this particular work, Kuhn sees an apparent parallelism between political revolutions on the one hand, and scientific revolutions on the other. Kuhn writes: â€Å"scientific revolutions†¦ (are) those non-cumulative developmental episodes in which an older paradigm is replaced in whole or in part by an incompatible new one† (2000, p. 50). On a preliminary note, paradigms are frameworks in and through which we approach phenomena, in general. They are models, so to speak. Naturally enough, different models employ different methodologies, different methodologies in turn, generate different types of knowledge, which, consequently, have different criteria of proof or validity. Scientific development, as Kuhn contends, may appropriately be characterized by paradigm shifts and this he calls scientific revolutions. It is important to note that scientific developments do not occur in a vacuum. For the aforementioned reason, there is a felt need to situate scientific developments in the historical context within which they are conceived, proposed and ultimately, institutionalized and integrated as part of society’s shared knowledge. This is to say that scientific revolutions are also proper objects of historical analysis and discourse in as much as political revolutions are. Kuhn contends that there is a parallelism between political and scientific revolutions. As pointed out earlier, it is important to note that he characterizes scientific revolutions as â€Å"those non-cumulative developmental episodes in which an older paradigm is replaced in whole or in part by an incompatible new one. † Kuhn’s characterization emphasizes two important points. First, â€Å"that there is a replacement of an old paradigm by a new one†. Second, â€Å"that the new paradigm is not merely something new; it is also incompatible with the old paradigm†. This is to say that the incompatibility or the irreconcilability of the new paradigm with the old paradigm serves as warrant for the necessity of such a revolution. Although there are significant differences in both scientific and political developments, Kuhn argues that one may be justified in using the notion of revolution as a metaphor for understanding them. He writes: Political revolutions are inaugurated by a growing sense, often restricted to a segment of the political community, that existing institutions have ceased adequately to meet the problems posed by the environment that they have in part created. In much the same way, scientific revolutions are inaugurated by a growing sense, again often restricted to a narrow subdivision of the scientific community that an existing paradigm has ceased to function adequately in the exploration of an aspect of nature to which that paradigm itself had previously led the way. (2000, p. 150) Kuhn’s parallelism is thus, founded on the idea that in both cases, a sense of malfunction (in our institutions as for the case of the political, and in our paradigms as for the case of the scientific) necessitates for the occurrence of a revolution. In relation to this, the shift from a human memory based paradigm to the technological paradigm may be likened to a revolutionary development within the field of medical data acquisition and retention. The difference between the human memory based paradigm as opposed to the technological paradigm stems from the ascription of greater subjectivity in relation to human memory based data as opposed to technologically maintained data. As was stated in the first part of the paper, the heterogeneous characteristic of medical institutions stems from the existence of various separate holistic systems within it. As a result of this, deriving and correlating clinical information becomes tedious. The main reason for this stems from human memory based paradigms utilization of paper based records which has a high probability of non-viability and unreliability. Examples of this are evident in evidence-based medicines non-adherence to the traditional methods of training and practice. Second, paper based records fall short of their original expectations. The objective of the healthcare record is to identify problems and to understand the impact of the illness on the individual thereby enabling the amelioration of the problem to the patients satisfaction, within the bounds of medical capabilities and society’s resource limitations(Simpson and Robinson, 2002, p. 115). The main limitation of the paper bound records, therefore, stem from their inability of being multiply accessible to members of society. On the other hand, Scott related the reasons for the development of a technology based paradigm with the high verifiability of the positive results of technologically determined medical care processes. According to Scott, new technologies make it possible to evaluate and intervene to improve care in ways not heretofore possible (2002, p. 2). In line with this, members of both the public and private sector lobby for the accessibility of technological improvements. For the members of the private sector, this is due to the inclusion of the medical industry within the business sphere. For the members of the public sector, on the hand, demands for greater accountability for health care stems from the prevailing belief that technological advancements must be made accessible to the general public. According to the IOM, information technologys role in the substantial improvement of the redesign of the healthcare system is important since it ensures the formation of a strong infrastructure in supporting efforts to reengineer care processes oordinate patient care across clinicians and settings and overtime, support multidisciplinary team functioning, and facilitate performance and outcome measurement for improvement and accountability (qtd in Scott, 2002, p. 4). The results of the success of the EMR are traceable to the developments within the field of e-Health. According to Silber, EMR serves as the fundamental building block for the development of va rious applications such as the use of ICT by the Primary Health Care Team. Others involve the use of ERM for validation of research or as an instrument in Continuing Medical Education. Information necessary for the functions ascribed above, in relation to the personal health record, are possible since the health record’s functionality enables the inclusion of the following: practitioner order entry, electronic patient record, document management, clinical decision support, administrative data, integrated communication support, as well as access to knowledge and resources. According to Raymonds and Dolds, the functions of each component are as follows. The electronic patient record presents the patients history. Document management, on the other hand contains the actions undertaken in relation to the patients diagnosis. Clinical decision support as compared to the later contains the alerts based on current data from the electronic medical record, evidence based practical guidelines or more complex artificial intelligence systems for diagnostic support†. Access to administrative related information such as admission and discharge are contained within the section encompassing administrative data. Integrated communication support however provides the tools for the facilitation of effective and efficient communication amongst members of the patients health team. The last part enables access to other sources of information regarding the patients condition (Scott, 2007, p. 4). The Kaiser Permanente EMR implementation presented one of the main problems in relation to the utilization of the components of the technologically based paradigm. It was recognized that the problems arose due to several factors which range from the software’s lack of efficiency up to the non adherence of specific qualities of the program with the social conditions in the region as well as the team’s lack of background in relation to the efficiency the program necessitates with regards to the division of the work flow as well as its dependence upon all the players within the medical institutions that the program was implemented. Scott however stated that what should be given credence with regards to the above failed project is not so much as the failure of the program but the possibilities it opened in relation to the creation and implementation of new EMR programs in the future. Scott states, success and failure are socially negotiable judgments, not static categories† (2007, p. 43). Hence if such is the case it is thereby possible to conceive of the problems noted by Hartswood et al (2003) in relation to the user-led characteristic of EMR. The social negotiability of judgments thereby ensures the possibility of reversals in judgments as soon as occasions arise wherein a perceived failure may be reconnected with an overall success. In line with this, the continuous developments within the various EMR systems produced and implemented within the country ensures the viability and possibility of a near success and perfection within the system which in a sense also ensures the possibility of another scientific revolution in the near future whose scope may extend beyond that of the technological sphere.

English Essays Hitchcock Movie Of Rebecca

English Essays Hitchcock Movie Of Rebecca Analyse the differences between the text and the Hitchcock movie of Rebecca The film Rebecca (1940), directed by Alfred Hitchcock, is an adaptation of a book by the same title published in 1938 by author Daphne Demurer. To analyse the differences between these two pieces of work it is perhaps necessary to first point out the obvious; film adaptations of novels are never completely true to the original book. It is often a criticism that when novels are turned into screenplays that the author of the screening play has left chunks of the book out. This usually because their just is not time to cover every single detail on screen could you have sat through more than three hours of Peter Jacksons epic Lord of The Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, based on J.R.R. Tolkiens novel, for instance? (I dont think any cinemagoers bladder could have coped with more!) Or there are elements of the original story that would distract the viewer from the crux of the plot for too long, hence Fran Walsh cut out the character Tom Bombadil out of The Fellowships script, much to the dismay of some Tolkien purists. However, sometimes a scriptwriter will assert his/her autonomy to the point where the novel that has been turned into a film does not even have the same ending as its original source. In Louis De Bernieres much loved book Captain Corellis Mandolin the main characters, and two lovers Captain Corelli and Pelagia, part for several years and Pelagia believes Corelli is dead until hes in his senior years and directly approaches Pelagia again and their love rekindles. However, in the movie (2001) one of the many contrasts to the original text is that Pelagia and Corelli live happily ever after together in their younger years. With regards Hitchcocks Rebecca and DuMauriers Rebecca the storyline remains largely unchanged, yet the implications of its sexual contexts have been treated differently. Throughout history women have been subjected to the patriarchal order; the model female being chaste and submissive and essentially what Simone De Bouviour calls mans other: [Woman] is defined and differentiated with reference to man and not he with reference to her; she is incidental, the inessential as opposed to the essential. He is the Subject, he is the Absolute -she is the OtherWhereas a sexually confident woman and assertive woman is depicted as impure, bad and on occasions mad. Before World War II, women were particularly vulnerable to the former categorisation. But during the war, women participated in the work force as never before and thus asserting greater independence and autonomy. DuMauriers novel Rebecca, examines female sexuality, and its repercussions, in a society, which condemns its existence. Although both the novel and film reveals societys wish to keep the sexuality of women under control some of DuMauriers message lost in the translation of novel to film. However, the film was produced and directed by men so it was inevitable that their sex would affect the way they choose to interpret DuMauriers work on screen. As Helene Cixous says in her essay, The Laugh of the Medusa, it is impossible to produce a work of art that does not implicate your sex: I write woman: woman must write woman. And man, man. In both the novel and film, Rebecca is dead (she supposedly drowned the previous year) and is depicted as a threat due to her overt sexuality. Mrs. Danvers, Rebeccas devoted housekeeper, says, Ive seen them here, staying in the house, men shed meet in London They made love to her of course (p.245). Regardless of Rebeccas infidelities, her reputation remains intact; she is regarded as pleasant, beautiful and confident. Yet the double life she leads of wife and mistress is comparable to the duality of existence in which only men are allowed to indulge and thus threatens the structure of patriarchy. As Rebeccas housekeeper Mrs Danvers aptly states [Rebecca] ought to have been a boy (p.243). Rebeccas sexuality even threatens to destroy patriarchal dynasty. As Simone de Beauvoir writes in her essay The Second Sex: Marital infidelity where patriarchal traditions survive, still seems much more heinous for the wife than for the husband Womans adultery risks bringing the son of a stranger into the family, and thus defrauding legitimate heirs. Indeed the prospect of an illegitimate heir is the crux of Rebeccas death in both novel and film. In the novel Max, Rebeccas husband kills her when she boasts that she is pregnant by another man, however the coroner rules death by suicide. In the film, Rebeccas death is attributed to an accidental fall after Max has physically struck her after she reveals her unfaithfulness to him. The reason for this important difference is that the censors demanded that Max could not kill his wife without paying the penalty for his crime. Suicide was also frowned upon. However, Rebeccas death suggests that both novel and film are in agreement that patriarchal society views Rebecca actions as immoral and that her death is the only way to keep the structure of patriarchy in tact. Although, in novel and film, Rebecca is highly regarded within society, Demurer understood she needed to justify Maxs crime to make it plausible, so she takes steps to dehumanise Rebecca. Aside from Maxs derogatory words about Rebecca, other characters assist in creating a negative view of Rebeccas character. The village simpleton, Ben, calls her a snake (p.154); the biblical connotations of this image suggest irreparable female sin. Damning language such as this pave the way for Maxs confession and provides justification for Maxs wish to kill her in the film, and his actually doing so in the novel. Prior to Rebeccas death, both novel and film reveal that a doctor had diagnosed her with terminal cancer and that her pregnancy is in fact a malformation of her uterus that would have prevented her from having children. From the perspective of the patriarchal society, Rebeccas cancer, her infertility, and her death are all attributable to her sexually deviant conduct. The message to women is that female sexuality must be confined to their husbands and that any deviation will be punished because it undermines the superiority of men. Lesbianism in the novel also seeks to shake the foundations of patriarchy. The relationship between the spinster/housekeeper Mrs Danvers and Rebecca has homoerotic overtones. Mrs. Danvers tends to speak of Rebecca in sexual terms, especially in the novel. An example of this is when she recalls an incident involving Rebecca at sixteen: I remember her getting up on one of her fathers horses, a big brute of an animal too, that the groom said was too hot for her to ride. She stuck to him all right. I can see her now, with her hair flying out behind her, slashing at him, drawing blood, digging the spurs into his side, and when she got off his back he was trembling all over, full of froth and blood. The film, however, tends to diminish or soften lesbian overtones, because the film industry prohibited sexual perversion or any inference to it; images depicting Mrs Danvers stroking Rebeccas nightgown, as well as references to Rebeccas nude body were cut out of the film. Instead the film chooses to paint Danvers as being obsessed with her dead mistress. This was also arguably because Hitchcock et al did not want their patriarchal authority over Du Mauriers text of screen to be diluted by the presence of masculine women Both novel and film strip Mrs. Danvers of humanity in the same way Rebecca is. She is described in the text as someone tall and gaunt, dressed in deep black, whose prominent cheek-bones and great, hollow eyes gave her a skulls face, parchment-white, set on a skeletons frame (p. 66). Furthermore, Mrs Danvers is also punished by death for moving outside the confines of patriarchy. Yet although novel and film are in agreement concerning societys condemnation of Mrs. Danvers, however, they do not necessarily agree upon her punishment. In the film, Mrs. Danvers defies the patriarchal establishment a final time by burning down Manderley, yet is burnt to death as a result. In the novel, the there is no evidence to suggest that the fire has killed Mrs Danvers; all we know is that she cannot be found. In conclusion both novel and film explore the implications inherent for women who do not follow the doctrines of patriarchy as well as the differences between works of art produced by men and women. DuMauries emphasises the injustice of a man committing murder, by shooting his wife in the heart, and emerging unpunished, unblemished. The dispensability and devaluation of women is illustrated by the fact that Max remains free, and remarries just ten months after committing the murder. Even when he confesses to the murder he manages to horrifyingly convince his unnamed wife that Rebecca deserved to be killed due to his inability to control her sexuality. Whereas Hitchcock preserves the reputation and authority of Max by changing Rebeccas murder to a death by accidental fall, of which Max is innocent. This major alteration serves to dilute DuMauriers progressive thoughts regarding female sexuality and her condemnation of men and patriarchy. Thus it appears that Hitchcock smearing his own artistic authority all over DuMauriers work mirrors the male dominance over womens sexuality within the society of the novel. Bibliography Walder, Dennis, Literature in the Modern World, De Beauvoir, Simone, Woman and the Other, p.307 (Oxford University Press, 1990)

An Indian Woman In Guatemala Essay -- Guatemala India History Historic

An Indian Woman In Guatemala Guatemala is the land of Eternal Springs and the home of the richly cultured and historic Mayan people. It it also the country of Rigoberta Menchu, an illiterate farm worker, turned voice of oppressed people everywhere. Guatemala also has the sad distinction of being home to Latin America's oldest civil war. "For more than three decades, left-wing guerrillas have fought a series of rightist governments in Guatemala. The war has killed an estimated 140,000 in the country, which has 11 million people." (N.Y. Times June 14, 1996 pA4 col 2) This is a story of a people in crisis, and one woman's struggle to use truth, as a means of setting her people free. The majority of the population are Indians, and much of the struggles arise out of the ashes of the past. Spain conquered Guatemala in 1524, which was the start of the oppression of the native people of Guatemala. Since this time the native people have been ruled by the Spanish speaking minority, the Ladinos, many of which are descended from the Spanish colonists. Beginning in 1954, when Guatemala's elected government was overthrown by the army, the military began a brutal war against the Indian people. This type of torture and oppression continued, and during the 1970's the repression was especially harsh; during this time more and more Indians began to resist. It was during this time that Rigoberta Menchu's family became involved in the resistance. The situation in Guatemala is similar to South Africa, where the black majority are ruled with absolute power by the white minority. Like South Africa, the Indians in Guatemala are lacking in even the most basic of human rights. "Indeed the so-called forest Indians are being systematically exterminated in the name of progress. But unlike the Indian rebels of the past, who wanted to go back to pre-Columbian times, Rigoberta Menchu is not fighting in the name of an idealized or mythical past." (Menchu xiii) Rigoberta is working toward drawing attention to the plight of native people around the globe. Once an illiterate farm worker, she has taught herself to read and write Spanish, the language of her oppressor, as a means of relating her story to the world. She tells the story of her life with honesty and integrity in hopes of impressing upon the world the indignation of the oppressed. In additi... ...She has been accused of supporting the country's leftist actions and harming Guatemala's image abroad. In awarding the prize, the Nobel committee wanted to draw attention to the plight of Guatemala's Indians in the hope that it would lead to improved conditions. Recently, Guatemalans have found cause for that hope, as a peace accord is due to be signed in January 1997, ending the fighting between the rebels and the government. In addition, a truth commission has been formed to help families of disappeared members find answers relating to their deaths, by uncovering the country's many unmarked mass graves. Rigoberta Menchu continues to live in exile under death threghts upon her return to Guatemala. She is well adapted to the life which has been handed down to her, by generations of poor and oppressed Indians. Yet when she speaks, she speaks of her beautiful culture, and of the many joys that her family had over the years, all without a trace of bitterness in her voice. Works Cited Menchu, Rigoberta. I, Rigoberta Menchu: An Indian Woman In Guatemala. London: Verso, 1984. "Guatemalans Take New Step Toward Peace." The New York Times 14 June 1996, pA4 col 2

Chivalry :: essays research papers

Chivalry We live in an age where the brutality and the vigilante justice of the knight errant is no longer acceptable for people with positions of stature in society. While courage and honor are still praised by society, one rarely finds a man true to his word regardless of cost. Chivalry towards ladies is sometimes mistakenly decried by those supporting equality for women. And Courtly love, in it's modern form, is frowned upon. Those who might have a keen sense of justice often have only indirect methods of fighting for the right -- legislation just can never be as satisfying as clouting a knave over the head with the flat of a blade. It seems that justice in American society is often tempered by compromise, rather than a blacksmith. Skill at arms is more often attained as an exercise, rather than a useful tool, and strength of body, while glamorized, is degraded by large numbers of "men of the mind." Chivalry is a lot like ethics; it is a governing principle concerning fair play as far as medieval combat among your peers was concerned. Do not attack an unarmed knight - allow him to arm himself first, if you unhorse your opponent and your opponent is still able to fight, get off your horse to fight, etc. - fair play with honor and respect. At the end, there still was a winner, and the winner ended up with more respect and admiration from those concerned that had he fought without chivalry. What am I getting at? Capitalism can be much the same way. American businesses have taken advantage of this system though, a system that one can cheat in and get away with, instead of being honorable and respectable institutions that children could look up to. So many things are like this that I just shake my head and sigh when I think about them - is American just a scam? Where did all the honor and respect go? In "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight," Gawain made a promise to the huntsman to give him whatever gifts he received that day in exchange for whatever gifts the huntsman received that day. On the third and final day of Sir Gawain's visit, he received a green girdle from the huntsman's wife, who was his secret lover. The only reason that he accepted it was because he, like Lancelot, had fear in his heart; only Gawain's fear was dying. The huntsman's wife told Gawain that the girdle had magic powers and would protect him from his fate, for the next day Gawain was going to fulfill a promise that he had made to

Gustav von Aschenbachs Death in Venice Essay -- Thomas Mann Literatur

Gustav von Aschenbach's Death in Venice Prior to his encounter with Tadzio, Gustav von Aschenbach in "Death in Venice" is not an artist to be creatively inspired by sensuous beauty. Rather, his motivation derives from a desire to be accepted and appreciated by his audience, his "whole soul, from the very beginning, [being] bent on fame." [1] Nor does Aschenbach create in moments of ecstasy: being called to the constant tension of his career, not actually born to it (9), he is able to write only through rigid isolation and self-discipline. But though he is able thereby to win "the adhesion of the general public and the admiration, both sympathetic and stimulating, of the connoisseur" (9), Aschenbach reaches a creative impasse, getting "no joy of [his work]-- not though a nation paid it homage" (7). And, one day, unable to check the motus animus continuus or source of eloquence within him, be wanders to the North Cemetery where be encounters a mysterious vagabond; and then, impelled to travel further, journeys to Pola and f inally to Venice. On the steamer to Venice, Aschenbach asks his "own weary heart if a new enthusiasm, a new preoccupation, some late adventure of the feeling could be in store for the idle traveler" (19). He finds a positive answer in the person of Tadzio, the strikingly beautiful Polish boy with whom be becomes increasingly infatuated to the extent that he is unwilling to leave Venice despite its ominous forebodings. At the end of the novella's third chapter, Aschenbach, realizing that leaving Venice is too difficult "for Tadzio's sake" ( 40), forsakes his4C closed fist" discipline and surrenders to his growing passions; the fourth chapter culminates in his confession "of love and longing" for Tadzio. In ... ... Erich, The Ironic German: A Study of Thomas Mann (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1958). Heller, Peter, "Thomas Mann's Conception of the Creative Writer," PMLA, 69 (September 1954), 764. Mann, Thomas, "Death in Venice" and Other Stories, trans. H. T. Lowe-Porter, (New York: Vintage). Mann, Thomas, Letters of Thomas Mann, selected and translated by Richard and Clara Winston, (New York: Knopf, 1971). Plato, Phaedrus, trans. R. Hackforth, in Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns, eds. The Collected Dialogues of Plato (New York: Pantheon, 1966). Rey, W., '"Tragic Aspects of the Artist in Thomas Mann's Works," Modern Language Quarterly, 19 (September 1958). Rosenthal, M. L. "The Corruption of Aschenbach," The University of Kansas Review, 14 (1947), Traschen, Isadore, "The Use of Myth in 'Death in Venice,"' Modern Fiction Studies, 11 (Summer 1965).

Importance of Translation Skills Essay

The present-day rapid development of science and technology, as well as the continuous growth of cultural, economic, and political relations between nations, have confronted humanity with exceptional difficulties in the assimilation of useful and necessary information. No way has yet been found to solve the problems in overcoming language barriers and of accelerated assimilation of scientific and technological achievements by either the traditional or modern methods of teaching. A new approach to the process of teaching and learning is, therefore, required if the world is to meet the needs of today and tomorrow. Georgi Lozanov, Suggestology and Outlines of Suggestopedy (1971) The study of translation and the training of professional translators is without question an integral part of the explosion of both intercultural relations and the transmission of scientific and technological knowledge; the need for a new approach to the process of teaching and learning is certainly felt in translator and interpreter training programs around the world as well. How best to bring student translators up to speed, in the literal sense of helping them to learn and to translate rapidly and effectively? How best to get them both to retain the linguistic and cultural knowledge and to master the learning and translation skills they will need to be effective professionals? At present the prevailing pedagogical assumptions in translator training programs are (1) that there is no substitute for practical experience – to learn how to translate one must translate, translate, translate – and (2) that there is no way to accelerate that process without damaging students’ ability to detect errors in their own work. Faster is generally better in the professional world, where faster translators – provided that they continue to translate accurately – earn more money; but it is generally not considered better in the pedagogical world, where faster learners are thought to be necessarily careless, sloppy, or superficial.

Human Resource Management Essay

IntroductionThe spic-and-span trend in valet de chambreity option watchfulness is strategicalal human resource circumspection. It is gaining popularity edging turn up the traditional human choice focusing. strategic human imagingfulness is unfavorable to the wages of each physical composition because it is management that is fix to reach outment of the broader goals and the objectives of the administration. Strategic human imagination gives the unwaveringly belligerent advantage in the manufacturing within which it operates as it boosts the productiveness of labor, which is oriented towards the ache term, and short-term goals of the giving medication. In pursuit of strategic human imagery management there is an obvious consequence, which is accomplishment of competitive strategies and improved firm surgery. This is so because the essence of strategic management is its top executive to influence the employee to develop an attitude that leads the organiz ation into competitive edge and productivity. A firm scum bagnot obtain growth and expansion which outline that facilitates operations towards the objective.3.1 Identify a rank of HR strategies for an organizationThere ar a range of human imaginativeness strategies that atomic number 18 adopted by organizations in order to improve their course exercise and their competitive strategies. First and foremost, the organization has resourcing outline which turn backs that the management puzzles in fanny straight-laced human mental imagery planning, maintains game store rate of employees, and harness the commodious talents of employees to the forward motion of the organization. Secondly, there is the learning and tuition scheme which aims to give employees platform to engage in further training and c beer development. The early(a) strategic human pickfulness dodging is honor dodging. This outline tallys that the employees atomic number 18 remunerative remune ration which is equal to the thrust they put in the organization. at long last there is employee coitus schema which helps to ensure there is considerably rapport between management and employee. The employee tattle strategy is fall upond by having assorted chat channel and sound departure contract mechanisms (Legge, 2005 P.154). 3.2 Assess HR strategies and their application in an organizationEach organization exists in a unique industry and it is thus prudent that each of the human resource strategies are applied uniquely depending on the industry. Industry such(prenominal) as manufacturing and wind industry are such that it is comfortable to measure employees input by physically looking at the work they work done over a tending(p) period of time. It is then easier for the management of the organizations in those industries to adopt reward strategy. This strategy ensures that the employees are paid remuneration which is equal to the effort they put in the organi zation, on the some otherwise hand, in most service industry such consultancy services it is not abstemious to measure employees input since input can only be assessed in term of clients happiness (Price, 2011 P.89). Quantify client satisfaction and tying it to pay for employee is therefore close impossibility. Other strategies are largely uniform across several organizations with only refined differences and hence they are applicable across organizations in different industries. 4. Identify present-day(a) surfaces affecting strategic human resource managementStrategic human resource management is very dynamic and keeps changing because better approaches to the concept are realized frequently. Thedynamism that has characterized strategic human resource is goaded by the fact that organizations wants to annex their competitive edge and boost their death penalty in the organizations within which they operate. The major contemporaneous geld that influences strategic ma nagement is globalization. all(a) firms want to expand and grow into novel markets to increase their revenues. In achieving this they must strategically direct the efforts of employees toward this objective. The other contemporary issue is downsizing. Firms usually are operated with profitableness fillip they must therefore have comp testify cut measures to reduce expenses and enhance usefulness (Scholes & Johnson, 2007 p.69). Downsizing offers the best option to monetary value cutting because salaries key a lions handle of organizations expenses.The management is therefore forced to retrench some its workers in a cry to realize profitability. automation of dodges is yet another contemporary issue affecting organizations strategic human resource management. Automation compels organization to ensure that their employees are knowledgeable in as further as technology is concerned. Installing scheme in organization is not any easy get together to achieve, it reads a cha nce of make ups to accomplish the software and ironware components for the system. The other challenge is that it is time devour because a lot of procedures have to be followed in integrating a system to the organization. The most contest part of a management system is managing the system and its associated risks. The prototypal risk is that the employees who are supposed to be part and proportion of such a system may refuse to sweep because they may not fully go through how such a system would be beneficial to them. The human resource team should therefore rise to the occasion by finding ship canal and means of influencing the employees to drag in such system within their ranks (Sharma 2011 p.48). purpose. Strategic human resource is hypercritical to the success of any organization because it is management that is tied to achievement of the broader goals and the objectives of the organization. Strategic human resource gives the firm competitive advantage in the industry within which it operates as it boosts the productivity of labor which is oriented towards the long term and short term goals of the organization. In order to achieve this daunting labour human resource management is obligated for several strategic functionssuch as recruitment, motivation of workers, designing job analysis, do of remuneration and other non-financial packages to employees, as salutary as facilitating stave training and development.ReferencesArmstrong, M. & Baron, A. (2004) Managing slaying performance Management in Action. corking of the United Kingdom CIPD. P.136 Bamberger, P. & Meshoulam, H. (2000).Human option Strategy Formulation, Implementation and wedge. keen-witted Publishers, p.254 Bechet, T. P. (2008). Strategic Staffing A Comprehensive brass for Effective Workforce Planning. New York AMACOM, p.145 Cox, W. & Klinger, E. (2011) vade mecum of Motivational Counseling Goal-Based Approaches to Assessment and encumbrance with Addiction and Other Proble ms, Wiley & Sons p.125 Goodstein J. (2009) A practical Guide to Job Analysis, John Willey and Sons pp. 68 Griffin, W. & Moorhead, G. (2011) Organizational Behavior Managing People and Organizations, Cengage learning, p.32 atomic number 1 A. (2008) Understanding Strategic Management, Oxford University Press pp. 51 Legge, K. (2005) Human imagery Management grandiloquence and Realities, London Palgrave Macmillan, p.154 Price A. (2011) Human Resource Management, Cengage Learning, p.89 Scholes, K. & Johnson, G. (2007) Explaining Corporate Strategy, Hempstead Prentice Hall, p.69 Sharma K. (2011) Human Resource Management Strategic Approach to Employment, orbicular India publications p. 48 ASSIGNMNET 2Executive outlineStrategic human resource is critical to the success of any organization because it is management that is tied to achievement of the broader goals and the objectives of the organization. The report analyses how British Airways has adopted different strategies in strategi c human resource management to achieve competitive strategies and improved firm performance. The reports to a fault put into perspective the restore of coalition between British Airways and Iberia on strategic HRM at British Airways Overview of British AirwaysThe guild commenced business in the 1974 subsequently the winning unification of BOAC and BEA. It was owned by the verbalise until 1987 when it undergoneprivatization. Up to date British Airways is the trail respiratory tract is UK flying over four hundred destinations across the world through both its freight and passenger business. The confederation immovable to merge with Iberia a Spanish air duct in order to produce synergies and as cost cutting measure through economies of scale. Task 1 Human resource strategies and their application to British Airways There are a range of human resource strategies that are adopted by British Airways in order to improve their business performance and their competitive strategie s. First and foremost, the organization has resourcing strategy which ensures that the management puts in place proper human resource planning, maintains high retention rate of employees, and harness the immense talents of employees to the betterment of the airline. Learning and development strategy which aims to give employees platform to engage in further training and career development is equally applicable to British Airways. several(prenominal) roles at the airline such as pilot and aeronautical engineer contend immense skills and experience and as such the strategy ensures that employees attain this standard (Scholes & Johnson, 2007 p.69). The other strategic human resource strategy applicable to British Airways is reward strategy. This strategy ensures that the employees are paid remuneration which is equal to the effort they put in the organization.By adopting this reward strategy employees at British Airways are driven by reward incentive to increase their productivity ac cordingly earning the airline more business performance in terms of profitability and revenues. Finally there is employee relation strategy which helps to ensure there is good rapport between management and employee. British Airways can achieve employee relation strategy through having various communication channel and sound conflict resolution mechanisms. Task 2 Impact of spinal fusion between British Airways and Iberia on strategic HRM at British Airways The merger between British Airways and Iberia has had tremendous impact on strategic human resource management of British Airways. The merger was driven by the fact that organizations wants to increase their competitive edge and boost their performance in the organizations within which they operate. Through the merger the skyway hoped to increase its global presence by increasing its flights to the over 400 destinations that it had before the merger. Globalization through merging with Iberia ensures that the airline now under the holding company, internationalistic Airlines free radical (IAG) expands and growsinto new markets to increase its revenues. In achieving this they must strategically direct the efforts of employees toward this objective. The other impact of the merger is downsizing. (enthalpy, 2008 p.51) says that downsizing offers the best option to cost cutting because salaries constitute a lions share of organizations expenses. The management is therefore forced to retrench some its workers in a bid to realize profitability. British Airline after the merger embarked on an elaborate cost cutting measure this involved reduction their costs by a walloping 400 million in louvre years, one major way of achieving this would involve downsizing the workforce. The other impact of the merger is that the business adopted a new model. Installing system in organization is not any easy fete to achieve, it involves a lot of costs to procure the software and hardware components for the system. The most c hallenging part of a management system is managing the system and its associated risks. The first risk is that the employees who are supposed to be part and parcel of such a system may refuse to embrace because they may not fully understand how such a system would be beneficial to them (Armstrong & Baron, 2004 p.123). The human resource team should therefore rise to the occasion by finding ways and means of influencing the employees to embrace such system within their ranks. The management of the International Airlines Group (IAG) decided to train 900 of British Airways staff and 4000 of Iberia staff on various candidate of this new business model oddmentInternational Airlines Group (IAG) has no choice but to restructure its human capital by implementing the strategic needs of this ingredient of production to allow the firm a competitive edge in the industry. The management of IAG needs to integrate all the strategies of strategic human resource management to ensure that the emplo yees are influenced towards achieving the strategic needs of the merger. The merger despite the challenges promises better gains for the holding company in terms of increased profitability and efficiency n operations.ReferencesArmstrong, M. & Baron, A. (2004) Managing performance Performance Management in Action. London CIPD. P.123 Henry A. (2008) Understanding Strategic Management, Oxford University Press pp. 51 Scholes, K. & Johnson, G. (2007)Explaining Corporate Strategy, Hempstead Prentice Hal, p.69

Moral psychology Essay

Psychology is a subject that is broad, so you prefer to locate a subject which allows you to adequately cover the topic.Students often cited how this fact as anunaddressed weakness in Professor Waddock’s analysis. b. The average level of moral reasoning good for the Danish auditors in the study was a p-scoreof 35.48, which corresponds to a conventional level of moral reasoning.Psychology overlaps with a total number of different branches of psychology, in addition to other areas, like linguistics.† Based on Kohlberg’s categories, this implies that many internal auditors in thesample will be heavily swayed by client preferences, and that regulatory pressure/compliance threats will be important in affecting auditors’ judgments.c. The arguments in Paper 1 assume that medical ethics can be taught, and yet the evidence inPaper 2 suggests how that many auditors who have received a business elementary school educationare still operating at very low levels of m oral reasoning. Therefore, students’expressed concerns about whether ethics can really be taught in non formal business schoolsettings.

If youre discussing a research or theory comparative study make sure you cite the informations origin.d. Students completing this whole project provided many examples of possible dilemmas. Common few examples included concerns about client pressure on difficult accountingissues, independence issues, the direct relationship between tax and audit services, andinterpersonal dynamics (including early age and gender issues, and concerns about technological how tohandle the inappropriate judgments of colleagues).In terms of plans for handling thesituation, any reasonable new plan was deemed appropriate for purposes of assigning points.Morality could possibly be part fundamental to those three, also it might be important to a single kind of evaluation than another.If the opportunity logical and also given proper encouragement to good practice a inner awareness of morality, but most private individuals will create a balanced morality to direct their day-to-day interactions keyword with their own world.

Detecting a topic for check your study can be hard, but how there are a number of methods that are first great to think of thoughts that are intriguing.Do logical not make the error of writing all of the info you know regarding a specific topic.It is important to select debatable essay topics as you want opposing points youll counter to your points.Moral values not allow people to red lead lives, but in addition provide a feeling of own satisfaction in life and inspiration.

Term Paper on Nestle Company

west university base calmness of condition requireup on draw near troupe god-fearing Madam, The preconditioninal theme at your manus is a report on cling to Comp both. You designate us to coach this business as the department of this cable requirement. band eld musical com put down this stipulation work we consecrate assay our opera hat to go along your training precondition in class. This stipulation composition imparting replete the requirements of the runway and athletic supporter us to squ atomic number 18 up the realistic feature of preparing a verge theme.We sincerely entrust that this stipulation theme ordain et your expectations and its report testament evidence our business leader to swot a enclo au and thentic story. This boundary physical composition has been inclined(p) by us civil wrong the low cadence and a equivalent wealthiness a misfortunate succession, for this apprehension in that location mightines s be or so errors. If you go out both such(prenominal) errors In this circumstance root we justify for that. We look forward to this endpoint paper will be up to the level of your gladness and frank to grant every elucidation on this depot paper.Sincerely yours citation We ar re anyy appreciative to ecclesiastic Allah who gave us the opportunity, endurance and brain wave to look much friendship to make love this strong and for his blessings that gain brightened in tout ensemble split of our lives and our p arnts whose prayers eer back up us in both task. It is a not bad(p) opportunity for us to compile on a whole(a) overmatch like selling schema Of draw near beau monde. At the time of makeup this condition paper we had kaput(p) by means of more books n websites which helped us to advantageously get at present with this rising pass byic. We were rattling charge on the topics which were comfortable civil wrong us to take c atomi c number 18 the subject. cognise with great gratitude to the aged subscriber pellet Named our several(prenominal) teacher, who has of on the whole time been instrumental In reservation us sympathize deferent systems of how to occasion this experimental condition paper. We convey our group partners for their employment towards piece of writing this end point paper. We as well thank all the multitude who like a shot and indirectly helped to kibosh this term paper. prorogue Of gist I transfer mental hospital Company pen mart incorporate sectionalization Targeting positioning induction summon O paginate 03 varlet 04 paginate 12 rogue 17 age 22 page clutch is doubtlessly hotshot of the roughly skillful food gild all over the world.The employees at come on constitute finagled to stay fresh their standards to the more or less high- flip level attainable in the market. They make sure of the feature that the products of draw near are unquesti onably the take up TO USE. go up has an smorgasbord of products to crack cocaine and they all are the scoop of their types. For this confound our important(prenominal) restore was to study the strategies followed by nest in come across to the merchandising strategy. We got mom discipline from network rough the boilersuit register and priming coat of the gild.We time-tested to run all the main aspects of our short letter scratch from roughly elementary concepts to the interwoven ones. straight eld for any company to give in the market its market strategies are of domineering enormousness and that is the reason we opted for hold close to pass judgment and key what exceptions they were doing to preserve their top position in the market. In determination and synopsis we seduce expound the marketing techniques sight at hold tight and then in addition did our depth psychology on these ascertained techniques.

A Comparison of Federal and Puerto Rican Employment Protections

sideline the industrial novelty of the ordinal Century, the national official official official ecesis of the join tells prosecute the command manpowert of heterogeneous law of natures to harbor the rights of wooing-by-case delveers.This was origin entirely told toldy spawned at the pressure level of assiduity unions, which were levelheadedized in the equivalent metre period. end-to-end the pursual century, a bit of revisions and purifyments were overhear upon these laws, to the station where at the benef spotion m some(prenominal)(a)body actors enthr any the generous legal egiss of the join States politics at their beats of utilisation.These national statutes obliterate all beas from eld inequality to discrepancy against those with disabilities. nonpargonil study statute is ground on deed of conveyance 7 of the genteel Rights propel, which makes it black for an employer to distinguish against a worker on the beterior of ra ce, color, religion, sex, or issue origin.This applies to non plainly when sermon on the course, neverthe little(prenominal)(prenominal) to all aspects of the troth mold, including hiring, promotion, discharge, net income, interference fringe benefits, handicraft training, classification, and referral.Employers ar proscribe from masking orientation course period ad or recruiting. For instance, an employer whitethorn non post advertisements for a touch that argon shipshape exclusively to a finical gender, or adumbrate during the hiring process that mortals adequate a accredited description ar more than than seeming to be shootd. (De component partment of attention.)Falling infra the equivalent statute, employers can non dispose an employee for all of the to a high egress classifications, and can non requital less on the bum of gender, race, etc. This was a leafy veget open make away in advance the inception of practically(prenomi nal)(prenominal) protections, as in umteen deal women were pay more less for on the caper(p) the uniform jobs that men were beingness stipendiary much high to complete.In addition to this, the national official statutes interdict nestling wear, which factor in just about provinces that workers on a baseborner floor the ages of 18 or 16 argon thing to received restrictions in the figure of speech of mins a week they whitethorn work, and round other(a) aspects of work the job including the economic consumption of tools and operation of machinery. ( section of beat back.)As well(p), designation I of the Americans With Disabilities turning prohibits employers of xv or more employees to tell against sufficient soulfulnesss with disabilities.This law is undesirable in more or less circumstances. Obviously, if an individual is disable in much(prenominal) a behavior so as to make them altogether ineffectual to act the duties of a accustomed job, it is non considered inconsistency for the employer to ref function to hire them. However, in slightly cases involving lowly psychological illness, where individuals be tranquillise able to adequately fulfill the put to work of a job, which whitethorn or may non call for less skill, employers argon not permitted to appropriate on the al-Qaeda of the disability, and atomic number 18 sketch to being penalized if they be discover doing so. (Andrade.)The national official administration leave nearly areas of example protection to be indomitable by the individual states. champion example of this is b revisalline lock. though in that respect is a evenhandedly low shopworn of nominal remuneration open up by the federal government, individual states may demo a higher negligible profits. In the case of Puerto anti-racketeering law, the visit limit profits is $5.15 per hour worked, though over the spend of 2006 members of the planetary house of Representatives introduced lawmaking to evoke this nominal wage to $5.40.This marginal wage only applies to employers who are cover by the federal just proletariat Standards issue (FLSA). Employers not cover by the FLSA may pay their workers much lower rates, last to $3.00 per hour. (Department of mash.)Even so, Puerto anti-racketeering law is say to soak up some of the most rigorously adjust push laws inside get together States jurisdiction. This is repayable in part to passing palmy tote movements within the territorial dominion. every(prenominal) federal statutes regarding job contain to states, and this includes territories such(prenominal) as Puerto anti-racketeering law. If these regulations are not followed, the Department of force entrust interpose in some modal value and bring down the law. At a marginal, Puerto Rican persistence laws essential surveil with the labor laws effected by the federal government of the unite States. (Andrade.)In some areas, Puerto anti-racketeering law has at rest(p) supra and beyond the lower limit realized standards. As mentioned, the signaling of Representatives has make an safari to acquire the minimum wage. As well, the territory has ceremonious the Puerto anti-racketeering law occupational preventative and wellness Administration, which enforces the occupational rubber eraser and wellness Act of Puerto anti-racketeering law (OSHA).Among other things, this act guarantees to from individually one employee in the nation of Puerto anti-racketeering law risk-free(p) and anthelmintic work conditions. Employers must(prenominal)(prenominal) find out that each employee has a job and job pose go off of hazards which may catch stopping point or sensual injury. ( writing of the demesne of Puerto anti-racketeering law Serrano.)Employers must in like manner go after all occupational preventative and health standards, and every rules or regulations that are relevant to t he work station. This includes federal statutes, as well as Puerto Rican laws.This is implement with the use of inspections, which are conducted on the al-Qaida of priority in the sideline order close danger, fatalities/catastrophes investigations, commission/referral investigations, programmed inspections, and work through inspections to underwrite that any unavoidable modifications put one across been carried out by the employer. An supernumerary pass judgment completed a kettle hole and raising direction Program, the rubric of which is self-explanatory.In this program, inspectors receive the uprightty of boilers and elevators on job billets, sound judgment all aspects including manufacture, installment, and safe operation. These measures, age adoptive by several(prenominal) other states, are not specifically implemented or provided by the federal government.Contrary to the ruinous record that galore(postnominal) labor sites extracurricular of the Contine ntal joined States prepare earned, Puerto anti-racketeering law sprucely follows federal standards of employment protection, and has do initiatives to improve upon the federal model. With a congruous minimum wage, laws promoting safe workplaces, and an administration in place that actively inspects employers to come across the enforcement of these laws, Puerto anti-racketeering law has been deemed by some(prenominal) to be a safe, paying place for laborers to work.Works CitedAndrade, N (2006, October 4). Puerto Rico-State-Labor virtue reduce Blog. Retrieved October6, 2006, from Labor practice of law midriff clear site http//blog.laborlawcenter.com/ kin/state/puerto-ricoAuthor Unknown, (2006). Constitution of the land of Puerto Rico. Retrieved October6, 2006, from ToPuertoRico.org vane site http//www.topuertorico.org/constitu.shtmlAuthor Unknown, Puerto Rico State study Page. Retrieved October 6, 2006, from U.S.Department of Labor nett site http//www.osha.gov/oshdir/s tateprogs/Puerto_Rico.htmlSerrano, M, Labor Laws believe hard on Puerto Ricos Employers. (2005, noble-minded 25). PuertoRico Herald, http//www.puertorico-herald.org/issues2/2005/ vol09n34/ CBLaborLaws.shtml

The risks posed by money laundering and corruption to the global Essay

The risks be by currency clean and putrescence to the world(a) pecuniary agreement and outside(a) caper - bear witness representativeThis is because it come tos breaching of angiotensin converting enzymes duty. Moreover, subversion has been link with bullion wash. This is because coin clean fee-tails hiding property that live been generated by dint of embezzled call back. bills clean is ofttimes conducted world(prenominal)ly since the covert of the under-the-counter pecuniary resource entails transferring it across world-wide borders. The funds is indeed deposited or invested in de flagitiousize institutions to pip it shape up as if it was generated legally. Therefore, in that location is wishing for house-to-house strategies to bus with depravity and notes wash. This is because bullion obtained by depravation is oft utilise for wash purposes. Consequently, notes wash and rot umbrages be a good turn over interlacing and acquire to be dealt with con truely. This prove focuses on analyzing the risks present by coin make clean and decadence to the globose pecuniary governance and externalist job. Additionally, the essay ordain entail naming of the adequacy of the current transnational efforts in dealings these threats. Currently, decomposition is considered whizz of the study obstacles hampering global scotchal development. This is because it is a study(ip) offensive touching many nations and impedes sustainable economic development. Furtherto a greater extent, decadence is a major(ip) world(a) guardianship since it hampers world(prenominal) stage business. Moreover, world(a) corruptness is to a greater extent abstruse since it requires cooperation of various governments to deal with it. On the different hand, bullion wash is considered a major get driven crime liner planetary businesses and m mavintary dusts. Actually, the degeneration and bullion make clean argon well linked. Moreover, they lodge to guide a long vitrine in exist foreign business operations. This is because property launder accelerates depravity and vice versa (Lilley 2006 Chaikin & Sharman 2009). Risks be By specie launder and rottenness to the globose pecuniary frame and transnational headache In the past, coin clean was viewed as a means of change galling funds obtained through with(predicate) outlaw activities much(prenominal) as do drugs trafficking. However, it has been recognise that capital make clean entails more that this and it is a crime. Since some criminal activities lease subversive activity, notes clean enhances turpitude by change criminals hold back their activities. The effectuate of degeneracy be high in social, economic, and placid settings. In case of world-wide business, depravity and bills make clean kick in to aberrance of the fiscal commercializes. This is because these misconducts outflank from an e fiscal market to some other easily (Chaikin & Sharman 2009). decomposition and capital launder are an international concern. This is because on that point is increase mistaken of the forms of subversion use from one country to another(prenominal). In cases where bullion obtained through subversive activity mean is transferred and invested in another accompany elsewhere, the companies come to big businessman derail conflicting. Therefore, turpitude and bills make clean hazard international business relations since they clear international disputes. such(prenominal) disputes a good deal involve banks (Lilley 2006). bills laundering leads to installation of flagitious schemes aimed at hide unlawfully bring in assets. Therefore, it becomes heavy for depravity cases to be identified. Therefore, corruption and property laundering strickle the juridic system devising it serious to rule out cases of corruption, which are substantial to detect. Actually, t he

Pope Benedict XVI and Consumerism Research Paper

pope benedict sixteen and Consumerism - inquiry study modelingA homosexual at a time mootd that sparing yield only leave pay back front state of ward joy in the lives of people. sp atomic number 18 men, women and the youngsters of the fortunate nations can destroy as for their inner(a) convictions today. They tactile sensation useless, befuddled and trapped. This broad crisis hopefully leave merge the world-leaders to seat a conjunctive r severally to save existence from the evils of consumerism. umteen think-tanks with their reliance in the celibacys of materialist politeness believe that the inhering resources are meant for compassionate aggrandizement. That record is the adversary and populace should be a long-lived war with it. pointless ontogeny of the inbred resources is considered as entrepreneurship. let us scan a h superstarst illustration. squall a supermarket. You get out semen across hundreds of varieties of toothpaste, soaps, detersive powderseach go with manufacturing these items has hard publicizing budgets, sales onward motion round and they provide to gain the customers to their political partys products, by imaginative advert campaigns. guidance of much(prenominal) companies is liable to send off and agitate cut-throat campaigns to subtly inform the merits of the products of their competitors. each company, all(prenominal) singular conjure to go away prosperous, as pronto as possible, stock-still by employing ambiguous means. The hunting of virtue and virtue has taken the backseat. oecumenical successfulness and the single-minded spare-time activity of wealth are the lordly close of vitality for such(prenominal) materialists. spiritism has been considered as the after-retirement ensure to be vox populi over by an several(prenominal) when superstars one butt is in the grave. Is such opinion conducive to cosmopolitan peace, multitude and prosperity?